commit 0131d6d95584242fbe871aca257620328d37640c
Author: Arpad Ryszka <arpio@squareroundforest.org>
Date:   Mon Aug 18 14:24:31 2025 +0200

    init repo

diff --git a/.cover b/.cover
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e21ca3a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.cover
@@ -0,0 +1,457 @@
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diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e43c2e8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Makefile
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+SOURCES = $(shell find . -name "*.go")
+
+default: build
+
+build: $(SOURCES)
+	go build ./...
+
+check: $(SOURCES)
+	go test -count 1 ./...
+
+.cover: $(SOURCES)
+	go test -count 1 -coverprofile .cover ./...
+
+cover: .cover
+	go tool cover -func .cover
+
+showcover: .cover
+	go tool cover -html .cover
+
+fmt: $(SOURCES)
+	go fmt ./...
diff --git a/apply.go b/apply.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cadf808
--- /dev/null
+++ b/apply.go
@@ -0,0 +1,234 @@
+package wand
+
+import (
+	"github.com/iancoleman/strcase"
+	"reflect"
+	"strings"
+	"os"
+)
+
+func ensurePointerAllocation(p reflect.Value, n int) {
+	if p.IsNil() {
+		p.Set(reflect.New(p.Type().Elem()))
+	}
+
+	ensureAllocation(p.Elem(), n)
+}
+
+func ensureSliceAllocation(s reflect.Value, n int) {
+	if s.Len() < n {
+		a := reflect.MakeSlice(s.Type(), n-s.Len(), n-s.Len())
+		a = reflect.AppendSlice(s, a)
+		s.Set(a)
+	}
+
+	if s.Len() > n {
+		a := s.Slice(0, n)
+		s.Set(a)
+	}
+
+	for i := 0; i < s.Len(); i++ {
+		ensureAllocation(s.Index(i), 1)
+	}
+}
+
+func ensureAllocation(v reflect.Value, n int) {
+	switch v.Type().Kind() {
+	case reflect.Pointer:
+		ensurePointerAllocation(v, n)
+	case reflect.Slice:
+		ensureSliceAllocation(v, n)
+	}
+}
+
+func setPointerValue(p reflect.Value, v []value) {
+	setFieldValue(p.Elem(), v)
+}
+
+func setSliceValue(s reflect.Value, v []value) {
+	for i := 0; i < s.Len(); i++ {
+		setFieldValue(s.Index(i), v[i:i+1])
+	}
+}
+
+func setValue(f reflect.Value, v value) {
+	if v.isBool {
+		f.Set(reflect.ValueOf(v.boolean))
+		return
+	}
+
+	f.Set(reflect.ValueOf(scan(f.Type(), v.str)))
+}
+
+func setFieldValue(field reflect.Value, v []value) {
+	switch field.Kind() {
+	case reflect.Pointer:
+		setPointerValue(field, v)
+	case reflect.Slice:
+		setSliceValue(field, v)
+	default:
+		setValue(field, v[0])
+	}
+}
+
+func setField(s reflect.Value, name string, v []value) {
+	for i := 0; i < s.Type().NumField(); i++ {
+		fs := s.Type().Field(i)
+		fname := strcase.ToKebab(fs.Name)
+		ft := fs.Type
+		ftup := unpack(ft)
+		fv := s.Field(i)
+		switch {
+		case !fs.Anonymous && fname == name:
+			ensureAllocation(fv, len(v))
+			setFieldValue(fv, v)
+		case !fs.Anonymous && ftup.Kind() == reflect.Struct:
+			prefix := fname + "-"
+			if strings.HasPrefix(name, prefix) {
+				ensureAllocation(fv, len(v))
+				setField(unpack(fv), name[len(prefix):], v)
+			}
+		case fs.Anonymous:
+			ensureAllocation(fv, 1)
+			setField(unpack(fv), name, v)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func createStructArg(t reflect.Type, shortForms []string, e env, o []option) (reflect.Value, bool) {
+	tup := unpack(t)
+	f := fields(tup)
+	fn := make(map[string]bool)
+	for _, fi := range f {
+		fn[fi.name] = true
+	}
+
+	ms := make(map[string]string)
+	for i := 0; i < len(shortForms); i += 2 {
+		l, s := shortForms[i], shortForms[i+1]
+		ms[s] = l
+	}
+
+	om := make(map[string][]option)
+	for _, oi := range o {
+		n := oi.name
+		if l, ok := ms[n]; ok && oi.shortForm {
+			n = l
+		}
+
+		om[n] = append(om[n], oi)
+	}
+
+	var foundEnv []string
+	for n := range e.values {
+		if fn[n] {
+			foundEnv = append(foundEnv, n)
+		}
+	}
+
+	var foundOptions []string
+	for n := range om {
+		if fn[n] {
+			foundOptions = append(foundOptions, n)
+		}
+	}
+
+	if len(foundEnv) == 0 && len(foundOptions) == 0 {
+		return reflect.Zero(t), false
+	}
+
+	p := reflect.New(tup)
+	for _, n := range foundEnv {
+		var v []value
+		for _, vi := range e.values[n] {
+			v = append(v, stringValue(vi))
+		}
+
+		setField(p.Elem(), n, v)
+	}
+
+	for _, n := range foundOptions {
+		var v []value
+		for _, oi := range om[n] {
+			v = append(v, oi.value)
+		}
+
+		setField(p.Elem(), n, v)
+	}
+
+	return pack(p.Elem(), t), true
+}
+
+func createPositional(t reflect.Type, v string) reflect.Value {
+	tup := unpack(t)
+	sv := reflect.ValueOf(scan(tup, v))
+	return pack(sv, t)
+}
+
+func createArgs(t reflect.Type, shortForms []string, e env, cl commandLine) []reflect.Value {
+	var args []reflect.Value
+	positional := cl.positional
+	for i := 0; i < t.NumIn(); i++ {
+		ti := t.In(i)
+		structure := isStruct(ti)
+		variadic := t.IsVariadic() && i == t.NumIn()-1
+		ior := isReader(ti)
+		iow := isWriter(ti)
+		switch {
+		case ior:
+			args = append(args, reflect.ValueOf(os.Stdin))
+		case iow:
+			args = append(args, reflect.ValueOf(os.Stdout))
+		case structure && variadic:
+			if arg, ok := createStructArg(ti, shortForms, e, cl.options); ok {
+				args = append(args, arg)
+			}
+		case structure:
+			arg, _ := createStructArg(ti, shortForms, e, cl.options)
+			args = append(args, arg)
+		case variadic:
+			for _, p := range positional {
+				args = append(args, createPositional(ti.Elem(), p))
+			}
+		default:
+			var p string
+			p, positional = positional[0], positional[1:]
+			args = append(args, createPositional(ti, p))
+		}
+	}
+
+	return args
+}
+
+func processResults(t reflect.Type, out []reflect.Value) ([]any, error) {
+	if len(out) == 0 {
+		return nil, nil
+	}
+
+	var err error
+	last := len(out) - 1
+	isErrorType := t.Out(last) == reflect.TypeOf(err)
+	if isErrorType && !out[last].IsZero() {
+		err = out[last].Interface().(error)
+	}
+
+	if isErrorType {
+		out = out[:last]
+	}
+
+	var values []any
+	for _, o := range out {
+		values = append(values, o.Interface())
+	}
+
+	return values, err
+}
+
+func apply(cmd Cmd, e env, cl commandLine) ([]any, error) {
+	v := reflect.ValueOf(cmd.impl)
+	v = unpack(v)
+	t := v.Type()
+	args := createArgs(t, cmd.shortForms, e, cl)
+	out := v.Call(args)
+	return processResults(t, out)
+}
diff --git a/cmd/wand-docs/main.go b/cmd/wand-docs/main.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..aab578d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/cmd/wand-docs/main.go
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+package main
+
+// myFunc is.
+func myFunc() {
+}
+
+// MyFunc is.
+func MyFunc() {
+}
+
+func main() {
+}
diff --git a/command.go b/command.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ce47ad4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/command.go
@@ -0,0 +1,236 @@
+package wand
+
+import (
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"reflect"
+	"slices"
+)
+
+func command(name string, impl any, subcmds ...Cmd) Cmd {
+	return Cmd{
+		name:        name,
+		impl:        impl,
+		subcommands: subcmds,
+	}
+}
+
+func wrap(impl any) Cmd {
+	cmd, ok := impl.(Cmd)
+	if ok {
+		return cmd
+	}
+
+	return Command("", impl)
+}
+
+func validateFields(f []field) error {
+	mf := make(map[string]field)
+	for _, fi := range f {
+		if ef, ok := mf[fi.name]; ok && !compatibleTypes(fi.typ, ef.typ) {
+			return fmt.Errorf("duplicate fields with different types: %s", fi.name)
+		}
+
+		mf[fi.name] = fi
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+func validateParameter(t reflect.Type) error {
+	switch t.Kind() {
+	case reflect.Bool,
+		reflect.Int,
+		reflect.Int8,
+		reflect.Int16,
+		reflect.Int32,
+		reflect.Int64,
+		reflect.Uint,
+		reflect.Uint8,
+		reflect.Uint16,
+		reflect.Uint32,
+		reflect.Uint64,
+		reflect.Float32,
+		reflect.Float64,
+		reflect.String:
+		return nil
+	case reflect.Pointer,
+		reflect.Slice:
+		t = unpack(t)
+		return validateParameter(t)
+	case reflect.Interface:
+		if t.NumMethod() > 0 {
+			return errors.New("'non-empty' interface parameter")
+		}
+
+		return nil
+	default:
+		return fmt.Errorf("unsupported parameter type: %v", t)
+	}
+}
+
+func validatePositional(t reflect.Type, min, max int) error {
+	p := positionalParameters(t)
+	ior, iow := ioParameters(p)
+	if len(ior) > 1 || len(iow) > 1 {
+		return errors.New("only zero or one reader and zero or one writer parameters is supported")
+	}
+
+	for i, pi := range p {
+		if slices.Contains(ior, i) || slices.Contains(iow, i) {
+			continue
+		}
+
+		if err := validateParameter(pi); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+
+	last := t.NumIn()-1
+	lastVariadic := t.IsVariadic() &&
+		!isStruct(t.In(last)) &&
+		!slices.Contains(ior, last) &&
+		!slices.Contains(iow, last)
+	fixedPositional := len(p) - len(ior) - len(iow)
+	if lastVariadic {
+		fixedPositional--
+	}
+
+	if min > 0 && min < fixedPositional {
+		return fmt.Errorf(
+			"minimum positional defined as %d but the implementation expects minimum %d fixed parameters",
+			min,
+			fixedPositional,
+		)
+	}
+
+	if min > 0 && min > fixedPositional && !lastVariadic {
+		return fmt.Errorf(
+			"minimum positional defined as %d but the implementation has only %d fixed parameters and no variadic parameter",
+			min,
+			fixedPositional,
+		)
+	}
+
+	if max > 0 && max < fixedPositional {
+		return fmt.Errorf(
+			"maximum positional defined as %d but the implementation expects minimum %d fixed parameters",
+			max,
+			fixedPositional,
+		)
+	}
+
+	if min > 0 && max > 0 && min > max {
+		return fmt.Errorf(
+			"minimum positional defined as larger then the maxmimum positional: %d > %d",
+			min,
+			max,
+		)
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+func validateImpl(cmd Cmd) error {
+	v := reflect.ValueOf(cmd.impl)
+	v = unpack(v)
+	t := v.Type()
+	if t.Kind() != reflect.Func {
+		return errors.New("command implementation not a function")
+	}
+
+	s := structParameters(t)
+	f := fields(s...)
+	if err := validateFields(f); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	if err := validatePositional(t, cmd.minPositional, cmd.maxPositional); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+func validateShortForms(cmd Cmd) error {
+	mf := mapFields(cmd.impl)
+	ms := make(map[string]string)
+	if len(cmd.shortForms)%2 != 0 {
+		return fmt.Errorf(
+			"undefined option short form: %s", cmd.shortForms[len(cmd.shortForms)-1],
+		)
+	}
+
+	for i := 0; i < len(cmd.shortForms); i += 2 {
+		fn := cmd.shortForms[i]
+		sf := cmd.shortForms[i+1]
+		if _, ok := mf[fn]; !ok {
+			return fmt.Errorf("undefined field: %s", fn)
+		}
+
+		if len(sf) != 1 && (sf[0] < 'a' || sf[0] > 'z') {
+			return fmt.Errorf("invalid short form: %s", sf)
+		}
+
+		if _, ok := mf[sf]; ok {
+			return fmt.Errorf("short form shadowing field name: %s", sf)
+		}
+
+		if lf, ok := ms[sf]; ok && lf != fn {
+			return fmt.Errorf("ambigous short form: %s", sf)
+		}
+
+		ms[sf] = fn
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+func validateCommand(cmd Cmd) error {
+	if cmd.isHelp {
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	if cmd.impl != nil {
+		if err := validateImpl(cmd); err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("%s: %w", cmd.name, err)
+		}
+	}
+
+	if cmd.impl == nil && len(cmd.subcommands) == 0 {
+		return fmt.Errorf("empty command category: %s", cmd.name)
+	}
+
+	if cmd.impl != nil {
+		if err := validateShortForms(cmd); err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("%s: %w", cmd.name, err)
+		}
+	}
+
+	var hasDefault bool
+	names := make(map[string]bool)
+	for _, s := range cmd.subcommands {
+		if s.name == "" {
+			return fmt.Errorf("unnamed subcommand of: %s", cmd.name)
+		}
+
+		if names[s.name] {
+			return fmt.Errorf("subcommand name conflict: %s", s.name)
+		}
+
+		names[s.name] = true
+		if err := validateCommand(s); err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("%s: %w", s.name, err)
+		}
+
+		if s.isDefault && hasDefault {
+			return fmt.Errorf("multiple default subcommands for: %s", cmd.name)
+		}
+
+		if s.isDefault {
+			hasDefault = true
+		}
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
diff --git a/commandline.go b/commandline.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fa334c0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/commandline.go
@@ -0,0 +1,363 @@
+package wand
+
+import (
+	"reflect"
+	"slices"
+	"strconv"
+	"strings"
+	"unicode"
+)
+
+type value struct {
+	isBool  bool
+	boolean bool
+	str     string
+}
+
+type option struct {
+	name      string
+	value     value
+	shortForm bool
+}
+
+type commandLine struct {
+	options    []option
+	positional []string
+}
+
+func boolValue(b bool) value {
+	return value{isBool: true, boolean: b}
+}
+
+func stringValue(s string) value {
+	return value{str: s}
+}
+
+func insertHelpOption(names []string) []string {
+	for _, n := range names {
+		if n == "help" {
+			return names
+		}
+	}
+
+	return append(names, "help")
+}
+
+func insertHelpShortForm(shortForms []string) []string {
+	for _, sf := range shortForms {
+		if sf == "h" {
+			return shortForms
+		}
+	}
+
+	return append(shortForms, "h")
+}
+
+func boolOptions(cmd Cmd) []string {
+	v := reflect.ValueOf(cmd.impl)
+	v = unpack(v)
+	t := v.Type()
+	s := structParameters(t)
+	f := fields(s...)
+	b := boolFields(f)
+
+	var n []string
+	for _, fi := range b {
+		n = append(n, fi.name)
+	}
+
+	n = insertHelpOption(n)
+	sfm := make(map[string][]string)
+	for i := 0; i < len(cmd.shortForms); i += 2 {
+		l, s := cmd.shortForms[i], cmd.shortForms[i+1]
+		sfm[l] = append(sfm[l], s)
+	}
+
+	var sf []string
+	for _, ni := range n {
+		if sn, ok := sfm[ni]; ok {
+			sf = append(sf, sn...)
+		}
+	}
+
+	sf = insertHelpShortForm(sf)
+	return append(n, sf...)
+}
+
+func isOption(arg string) bool {
+	a := []rune(arg)
+	if len(a) <= 2 {
+		return false
+	}
+
+	if string(a[:2]) != "--" {
+		return false
+	}
+
+	if !unicode.IsLower(a[2]) {
+		return false
+	}
+
+	for _, r := range a[3:] {
+		if unicode.IsLower(r) {
+			continue
+		}
+
+		if unicode.IsDigit(r) {
+			continue
+		}
+
+		if r == '-' {
+			continue
+		}
+
+		if r == '=' {
+			return true
+		}
+
+		return false
+	}
+
+	return true
+}
+
+func isShortOptionSet(arg string) bool {
+	a := []rune(arg)
+	if len(a) < 2 {
+		return false
+	}
+
+	if a[0] != '-' {
+		return false
+	}
+
+	if !unicode.IsLower(a[1]) {
+		return false
+	}
+
+	for _, r := range a[2:] {
+		if r == '=' {
+			return true
+		}
+
+		if !unicode.IsLower(r) {
+			return false
+		}
+	}
+
+	return true
+}
+
+func defaultCommand(cmd Cmd) Cmd {
+	if cmd.impl != nil {
+		return cmd
+	}
+
+	for _, sc := range cmd.subcommands {
+		if sc.isDefault {
+			return sc
+		}
+	}
+
+	return cmd
+}
+
+func subcommand(cmd Cmd, name string) (Cmd, bool) {
+	for _, sc := range cmd.subcommands {
+		if sc.name == name {
+			return sc, true
+		}
+	}
+
+	return Cmd{}, false
+}
+
+func selectCommand(cmd Cmd, args []string) (Cmd, []string, []string) {
+	if len(args) == 0 {
+		return defaultCommand(cmd), []string{cmd.name}, nil
+	}
+
+	sc, ok := subcommand(cmd, args[0])
+	if !ok {
+		return defaultCommand(cmd), []string{cmd.name}, args
+	}
+
+	if sc.isHelp {
+		cmd.helpRequested = true
+		return cmd, []string{cmd.name}, args[1:]
+	}
+
+	cmd, fullCommand, args := selectCommand(sc, args[1:])
+	fullCommand = append([]string{cmd.name}, fullCommand...)
+	return cmd, fullCommand, args
+}
+
+func boolOption(name string, value bool) option {
+	return option{
+		name:  name,
+		value: boolValue(value),
+	}
+}
+
+func stringOption(name, value string) option {
+	return option{
+		name:  name,
+		value: stringValue(value),
+	}
+}
+
+func shortForm(o option) option {
+	o.shortForm = true
+	return o
+}
+
+func canBeValue(arg string) bool {
+	if arg == "--" {
+		return false
+	}
+
+	if isOption(arg) {
+		return false
+	}
+
+	if isShortOptionSet(arg) {
+		return false
+	}
+
+	return true
+}
+
+func canBeBoolValue(arg string) bool {
+	_, err := strconv.ParseBool(arg)
+	return err == nil
+}
+
+func readOption(boolOptions []string, arg string, args []string) (option, []string) {
+	eqi := strings.Index(arg, "=")
+	if eqi >= 0 {
+		arg, value := arg[:eqi], arg[eqi+1:]
+		if slices.Contains(boolOptions, arg) && canBeBoolValue(value) {
+			v, _ := strconv.ParseBool(value)
+			return boolOption(arg, v), args
+		}
+
+		return stringOption(arg, value), args
+	}
+
+	var (
+		next                               string
+		nextCanBeValue, nextCanBeBoolValue bool
+	)
+
+	if len(args) > 0 {
+		next = args[0]
+		nextCanBeValue = canBeValue(next)
+		nextCanBeBoolValue = canBeBoolValue(next)
+	}
+
+	if slices.Contains(boolOptions, arg) {
+		value := true
+		if nextCanBeBoolValue {
+			value, _ = strconv.ParseBool(next)
+			args = args[1:]
+		}
+
+		return boolOption(arg, value), args
+	}
+
+	if !nextCanBeValue {
+		return boolOption(arg, true), args
+	}
+
+	return stringOption(arg, next), args[1:]
+}
+
+func readShortOptionSet(boolOptions []string, arg string, args []string) ([]option, []string) {
+	last := len(arg) - 1
+	eqi := strings.Index(arg, "=")
+	if eqi >= 0 {
+		last = eqi - 1
+	}
+
+	var o []option
+	for _, a := range arg[:last] {
+		o = append(o, shortForm(boolOption(string(a), true)))
+	}
+
+	if slices.Contains(boolOptions, arg[last:]) && (len(args) == 0 || !canBeBoolValue(args[0])) {
+		o = append(o, shortForm(boolOption(arg[last:], true)))
+		return o, args
+	}
+
+	var lastOption option
+	lastOption, args = readOption(boolOptions, arg[last:], args)
+	o = append(o, shortForm(lastOption))
+	return o, args
+}
+
+func readArgs(boolOptions, args []string) commandLine {
+	var c commandLine
+	if len(args) == 0 {
+		return c
+	}
+
+	arg, args := args[0], args[1:]
+	switch {
+	case arg == "--":
+		if len(args) > 0 {
+			arg, args = args[0], args[1:]
+			c.positional = append(c.positional, arg)
+			args = append([]string{"--"}, args...)
+		}
+	case isOption(arg):
+		var f option
+		arg = arg[2:]
+		f, args = readOption(boolOptions, arg, args)
+		c.options = append(c.options, f)
+	case isShortOptionSet(arg):
+		var f []option
+		arg = arg[1:]
+		f, args = readShortOptionSet(boolOptions, arg, args)
+		c.options = append(c.options, f...)
+	default:
+		c.positional = append(c.positional, arg)
+	}
+
+	cc := readArgs(boolOptions, args)
+	c.options = append(c.options, cc.options...)
+	c.positional = append(c.positional, cc.positional...)
+	return c
+}
+
+func hasHelpOption(cmd Cmd, o []option) bool {
+	var mf map[string][]field
+	if cmd.impl != nil {
+		mf = mapFields(cmd.impl)
+	}
+
+	sf := make(map[string]bool)
+	for i := 0; i < len(cmd.shortForms); i += 2 {
+		s := cmd.shortForms[i+1]
+		sf[s] = true
+	}
+
+	for _, oi := range o {
+		if !oi.value.isBool {
+			continue
+		}
+
+		if oi.name == "help" {
+			if _, ok := mf["help"]; !ok {
+				return true
+			}
+		}
+
+		if oi.shortForm && oi.name == "h" {
+			if !sf["h"] {
+				return true
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	return false
+}
diff --git a/commandline_test.go b/commandline_test.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8c89709
--- /dev/null
+++ b/commandline_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,239 @@
+package wand
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+)
+
+func TestCommand(t *testing.T) {
+	type f struct {
+		One         string
+		SecondField int
+	}
+	ff := func(f f) string {
+		return f.One + fmt.Sprint(f.SecondField)
+	}
+
+	type b struct{ One, Two, Three, Four bool }
+	fb := func(b b) string {
+		return fmt.Sprintf("%t;%t;%t;%t", b.One, b.Two, b.Three, b.Four)
+	}
+
+	fbp := func(b b, p ...string) string {
+		o := fb(b)
+		if len(p) == 0 {
+			return o
+		}
+
+		s := []string{o}
+		for _, pi := range p {
+			s = append(s, pi)
+		}
+
+		return strings.Join(s, ";")
+	}
+
+	type m struct {
+		One, Two bool
+		Three    string
+	}
+	fm := func(m m) string {
+		return fmt.Sprintf("%t;%t;%s", m.One, m.Two, m.Three)
+	}
+
+	type l struct {
+		One []bool
+		Two []string
+	}
+	fl := func(l l) string {
+		var sb []string
+		for _, b := range l.One {
+			sb = append(sb, fmt.Sprint(b))
+		}
+
+		return strings.Join([]string{strings.Join(sb, ","), strings.Join(l.Two, ",")}, ";")
+	}
+
+	type lb struct{ One, Two, Three []bool }
+	flb := func(lb lb) string {
+		var s []string
+		for _, b := range [][]bool{lb.One, lb.Two, lb.Three} {
+			var sb []string
+			for _, bi := range b {
+				sb = append(sb, fmt.Sprint(bi))
+			}
+
+			s = append(s, strings.Join(sb, ","))
+		}
+
+		return strings.Join(s, ";")
+	}
+
+	fp := func(f f, a ...string) string {
+		o := ff(f)
+		return fmt.Sprintf("%s;%s", o, strings.Join(a, ","))
+	}
+
+	type d struct{ One2 bool }
+	fd := func(d d) string {
+		return fmt.Sprint(d.One2)
+	}
+
+	t.Run("no args", testExec(t, ff, "", "foo", "", "0"))
+	t.Run("basic options", func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Run("space", testExec(t, ff, "", "foo --one baz --second-field 42", "", "baz42"))
+		t.Run("eq", testExec(t, ff, "", "foo --one=baz --second-field=42", "", "baz42"))
+	})
+
+	t.Run("short options combined, explicit last", func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Run("bool last", testExec(t, ShortForm(fb, "one", "a", "two", "b", "three", "c"), "", "foo -abc true", "", "true;true;true;false"))
+		t.Run("string last", testExec(t, ShortForm(fm, "one", "a", "two", "b", "three", "c"), "", "foo -abc bar", "", "true;true;bar"))
+	})
+
+	t.Run("multiple values", func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Run("bools, short", testExec(t, ShortForm(fl, "one", "a"), "", "foo -a -a -a", "", "true,true,true;"))
+		t.Run("bools, short, combined", testExec(t, ShortForm(fl, "one", "a"), "", "foo -aaa", "", "true,true,true;"))
+		t.Run("bools, short, explicit", testExec(t, ShortForm(fl, "one", "a"), "", "foo -a true -a true -a true", "", "true,true,true;"))
+		t.Run("bools, short, combined, last explicit", testExec(t, ShortForm(fl, "one", "a"), "", "foo -aaa true", "", "true,true,true;"))
+		t.Run("bools, long", testExec(t, fl, "", "foo --one --one --one", "", "true,true,true;"))
+		t.Run("bools, long, explicit", testExec(t, fl, "", "foo --one true --one true --one true", "", "true,true,true;"))
+		t.Run("mixd, short", testExec(t, ShortForm(fl, "one", "a", "two", "b"), "", "foo -a -b bar", "", "true;bar"))
+		t.Run("mixed, short, combined", testExec(t, ShortForm(fl, "one", "a", "two", "b"), "", "foo -ab bar", "", "true;bar"))
+		t.Run("mixed, long", testExec(t, fl, "", "foo --one --two bar", "", "true;bar"))
+		t.Run("mixed, long, explicit", testExec(t, fl, "", "foo --one true --two bar", "", "true;bar"))
+	})
+
+	t.Run("implicit bool option", func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Run("short", testExec(t, ShortForm(fb, "one", "a"), "", "foo -a", "", "true;false;false;false"))
+		t.Run(
+			"short, multiple",
+			testExec(t, ShortForm(fb, "one", "a", "two", "b", "three", "c"), "", "foo -a -b -c", "", "true;true;true;false"),
+		)
+
+		t.Run(
+			"short, combined",
+			testExec(t, ShortForm(fb, "one", "a", "two", "b", "three", "c"), "", "foo -abc", "", "true;true;true;false"),
+		)
+
+		t.Run(
+			"short, combined, multiple",
+			testExec(t, ShortForm(fb, "one", "a", "two", "b", "three", "c", "four", "d"), "", "foo -ab -cd", "", "true;true;true;true"),
+		)
+
+		t.Run(
+			"short, multiple values",
+			testExec(t, ShortForm(flb, "one", "a", "two", "b", "three", "c"), "", "foo -aba -cab", "", "true,true,true;true,true;true"),
+		)
+
+		t.Run("long", testExec(t, fb, "", "foo --one", "", "true;false;false;false"))
+		t.Run("long, multiple", testExec(t, fb, "", "foo --one --two --three", "", "true;true;true;false"))
+		t.Run("long, multiple values", testExec(t, flb, "", "foo --one --two --one", "", "true,true;true;"))
+	})
+
+	t.Run("explicit bool option", func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Run("short, true", testExec(t, ShortForm(fb, "one", "a"), "", "foo -a true", "", "true;false;false;false"))
+		t.Run("short, false", testExec(t, ShortForm(fb, "one", "a"), "", "foo -a false", "", "false;false;false;false"))
+		t.Run("short, with eq", testExec(t, ShortForm(fb, "one", "a"), "", "foo -a=true", "", "true;false;false;false"))
+		t.Run("short, true variant, capital", testExec(t, ShortForm(fb, "one", "a"), "", "foo -a True", "", "true;false;false;false"))
+		t.Run("short, true variant, 1", testExec(t, ShortForm(fb, "one", "a"), "", "foo -a 1", "", "true;false;false;false"))
+		t.Run("short, false variant, 0", testExec(t, ShortForm(fb, "one", "a"), "", "foo -a 0", "", "false;false;false;false"))
+		t.Run("short, combined", testExec(t, ShortForm(fb, "one", "a", "two", "b"), "", "foo -ab true", "", "true;true;false;false"))
+		t.Run(
+			"short, combined, multiple",
+			testExec(
+				t,
+				ShortForm(fb, "one", "a", "two", "b", "three", "c", "four", "d"),
+				"", "foo -ab true -cd true",
+				"", "true;true;true;true",
+			),
+		)
+
+		t.Run("long", testExec(t, fb, "", "foo --one true", "", "true;false;false;false"))
+		t.Run("long, false", testExec(t, fb, "", "foo --one false", "", "false;false;false;false"))
+		t.Run("logn, with eq", testExec(t, fb, "", "foo --one=true", "", "true;false;false;false"))
+		t.Run("long, mixed, first", testExec(t, fb, "", "foo --one false --two", "", "false;true;false;false"))
+		t.Run("long, mixed, last", testExec(t, fb, "", "foo --one --two false", "", "true;false;false;false"))
+	})
+
+	t.Run("expected bool option", func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Run("short, implicit", testExec(t, ShortForm(fb, "one", "a"), "", "foo -a", "", "true;false;false;false"))
+		t.Run("short, explicit", testExec(t, ShortForm(fb, "one", "a"), "", "foo -a true", "", "true;false;false;false"))
+		t.Run("short, automatic positional", testExec(t, ShortForm(fbp, "one", "a"), "", "foo -a bar", "", "true;false;false;false;bar"))
+		t.Run("short, combined", testExec(t, ShortForm(fb, "one", "a", "two", "b"), "", "foo -ab true", "", "true;true;false;false"))
+		t.Run(
+			"short, combined, automatic positional",
+			testExec(t, ShortForm(fbp, "one", "a", "two", "b"), "", "foo -ab bar", "", "true;true;false;false;bar"),
+		)
+
+		t.Run("long, implicit", testExec(t, fb, "", "foo --one", "", "true;false;false;false"))
+		t.Run("long, explicit", testExec(t, fb, "", "foo --one true", "", "true;false;false;false"))
+		t.Run("long, automatic positional", testExec(t, fbp, "", "foo --one bar", "", "true;false;false;false;bar"))
+	})
+
+	t.Run("positional", func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Run("basic", testExec(t, fp, "", "foo bar baz", "", "0;bar,baz"))
+		t.Run("explicit", testExec(t, fp, "", "foo -- bar baz", "", "0;bar,baz"))
+		t.Run("mixed", testExec(t, fp, "", "foo bar -- baz", "", "0;bar,baz"))
+		t.Run("with option", testExec(t, fp, "", "foo bar --second-field 42 baz", "", "42;bar,baz"))
+		t.Run("with bool option at the end", testExec(t, fbp, "", "foo bar baz --one", "", "true;false;false;false;bar;baz"))
+		t.Run("with expected bool, implicit", testExec(t, fbp, "", "foo bar --one baz", "", "true;false;false;false;bar;baz"))
+		t.Run("with expected bool, explicit", testExec(t, fbp, "", "foo bar --one true baz", "", "true;false;false;false;bar;baz"))
+		t.Run("option format", testExec(t, fbp, "", "foo -- --one", "", "false;false;false;false;--one"))
+	})
+
+	t.Run("example", func(t *testing.T) {
+		type s struct {
+			Foo  bool
+			Bar  []bool
+			Qux  bool
+			Quux string
+		}
+
+		fs := func(s s, a1, a2 string) string {
+			var sbar []string
+			for _, b := range s.Bar {
+				sbar = append(sbar, fmt.Sprint(b))
+			}
+
+			return fmt.Sprintf("%t;%s;%t;%s;%s;%s", s.Foo, strings.Join(sbar, ","), s.Qux, s.Quux, a1, a2)
+		}
+
+		t.Run(
+			"full",
+			testExec(
+				t,
+				ShortForm(fs, "foo", "a", "bar", "b"),
+				"",
+				"foo -ab --bar baz -b --qux --quux corge -- grault",
+				"",
+				"true;true,true,true;true;corge;baz;grault",
+			),
+		)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("expected or unexpected", func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Run("capital letters", testExec(t, fp, "", "foo --One bar", "", "0;--One,bar"))
+		t.Run("digit in option name", testExec(t, fd, "", "foo --one-2", "", "true"))
+		t.Run("dash in option name", testExec(t, ff, "", "foo --second-field 42", "", "42"))
+		t.Run("unpexpected character", testExec(t, fp, "", "foo --one#", "", "0;--one#"))
+		t.Run(
+			"invalid short option set",
+			testExec(t, ShortForm(fp, "one", "a", "one", "b", "second-field", "c"), "", "foo -aBc", "", "0;-aBc"),
+		)
+
+		t.Run("positional separator, no value", testExec(t, fp, "", "foo --one bar --", "", "bar0;"))
+		t.Run("positional separator, expecting value", testExec(t, fp, "", "foo --one --", "--one", ""))
+		t.Run("shot flag set, expecting value", testExec(t, ShortForm(fp, "second-field", "b"), "", "foo --one -b", "--one", ""))
+	})
+
+	t.Run("preserve order", func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Run("bools", testExec(t, fl, "", "foo --one --one false --one", "", "true,false,true;"))
+		t.Run("strings", testExec(t, fl, "", "foo --two 1 --two 2 --two 3", "", ";1,2,3"))
+	})
+
+	t.Run("select subcommand", func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Run("named", testExec(t, Command("", nil, Command("bar", ff), Command("baz", ff)), "", "foo baz", "", "0"))
+		t.Run("default", testExec(t, Command("", nil, Command("bar", ff), Default(Command("baz", ff))), "", "foo", "", "0"))
+	})
+}
diff --git a/env.go b/env.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a7e9138
--- /dev/null
+++ b/env.go
@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+package wand
+
+import (
+	"github.com/iancoleman/strcase"
+	"strings"
+)
+
+type env struct {
+	values        map[string][]string
+	originalNames map[string]string
+}
+
+func splitEnvValue(v string) []string {
+	var (
+		values  []string
+		escape  bool
+		current []rune
+	)
+
+	for _, r := range []rune(v) {
+		if escape {
+			current = append(current, r)
+			escape = false
+			continue
+		}
+
+		if r == '\\' {
+			escape = true
+			continue
+		}
+
+		if r == ':' {
+			values = append(values, string(current))
+			current = nil
+			continue
+		}
+
+		current = append(current, r)
+	}
+
+	values = append(values, string(current))
+	return values
+}
+
+func readEnv(appName string, input []string) env {
+	appName = strcase.ToKebab(appName)
+	e := env{
+		values:        make(map[string][]string),
+		originalNames: make(map[string]string),
+	}
+
+	for _, i := range input {
+		parts := strings.SplitN(i, "=", 2)
+		if len(parts) != 2 {
+			continue
+		}
+
+		key, value := parts[0], parts[1]
+		key = strcase.ToKebab(key)
+		if len(key) <= len(appName)+1 || !strings.HasPrefix(key, appName+"-") {
+			continue
+		}
+
+		key = key[len(appName)+1:]
+		e.originalNames[key] = parts[0]
+		e.values[key] = splitEnvValue(value)
+	}
+
+	return e
+}
diff --git a/env_test.go b/env_test.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..de50f9d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/env_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+package wand
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+)
+
+func TestEnv(t *testing.T) {
+	type f struct{ One, SecondVar string }
+	ff := func(f f) string {
+		return f.One + f.SecondVar
+	}
+
+	type i struct{ One, SecondVar int }
+	fi := func(i i) string {
+		return fmt.Sprintf("%d;%d", i.One, i.SecondVar)
+	}
+
+	type m struct{ One, SecondVar []string }
+	fm := func(m m) string {
+		return strings.Join([]string{strings.Join(m.One, ","), strings.Join(m.SecondVar, ",")}, ";")
+	}
+
+	t.Run("none match app prefix", testExec(t, ff, "SOME_VAR=foo;SOME_OTHER=bar", "baz", "", ""))
+	t.Run("common environment var casing", testExec(t, ff, "FOO_ONE=bar;FOO_SECOND_VAR=baz", "foo", "", "barbaz"))
+	t.Run("camel casing", testExec(t, ff, "fooOne=bar;fooSecondVar=baz", "foo", "", "barbaz"))
+	t.Run("empty env var", testExec(t, ff, "fooOne=bar;fooSecondVar=", "foo", "", "bar"))
+	t.Run("multipart app name", testExec(t, ff, "fooBarOne=baz;FOO_BAR_SECOND_VAR=qux", "foo-bar", "", "bazqux"))
+	t.Run("invalid env var", testExec(t, ff, "fooOne=bar;fooSecondVar=baz;fooQux", "foo", "", "barbaz"))
+	t.Run("eq in value", testExec(t, ff, "fooOne=bar=baz", "foo", "", "bar=baz"))
+	t.Run("keeps original name", testExec(t, fi, "FOO_ONE=bar", "foo", "FOO_ONE", ""))
+	t.Run("keeps original name, last wins on conflict", testExec(t, fi, "FOO_ONE=bar;fooOne=baz", "foo", "fooOne", ""))
+	t.Run("multiple values", func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Run("2", testExec(t, fm, "fooOne=bar:baz", "foo", "", "bar,baz;"))
+		t.Run("3", testExec(t, fm, "fooOne=bar:baz:qux", "foo", "", "bar,baz,qux;"))
+		t.Run("with empty", testExec(t, fm, "fooOne=bar:baz::qux:", "foo", "", "bar,baz,,qux,;"))
+		t.Run("escape", testExec(t, fm, "fooOne=bar\\:baz", "foo", "", "bar:baz;"))
+		t.Run("escape char", testExec(t, fm, "fooOne=bar\\\\:baz", "foo", "", "bar\\,baz;"))
+		t.Run("escape char last", testExec(t, fm, "fooOne=bar\\", "foo", "", "bar;"))
+	})
+}
diff --git a/exec.go b/exec.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b881767
--- /dev/null
+++ b/exec.go
@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+package wand
+
+import (
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"github.com/iancoleman/strcase"
+	"io"
+	"path/filepath"
+)
+
+func exec(stdout, stderr io.Writer, exit func(int), cmd Cmd, env, args []string) {
+	cmd = insertHelp(cmd)
+	_, cmd.name = filepath.Split(args[0])
+	cmd.name = strcase.ToKebab(cmd.name)
+	if err := validateCommand(cmd); err != nil {
+		panic(err)
+	}
+
+	args = args[1:]
+	e := readEnv(cmd.name, env)
+	cmd, fullCmd, args := selectCommand(cmd, args)
+	if cmd.impl == nil {
+		fmt.Fprint(stderr, errors.New("subcommand not specified"))
+		suggestHelp(stderr, cmd, fullCmd)
+		exit(1)
+		return
+	}
+
+	if cmd.helpRequested {
+		showHelp(stdout, cmd, fullCmd)
+		return
+	}
+
+	bo := boolOptions(cmd)
+	cl := readArgs(bo, args)
+	if hasHelpOption(cmd, cl.options) {
+		showHelp(stdout, cmd, fullCmd)
+		return
+	}
+
+	if err := validateInput(cmd, e, cl); err != nil {
+		fmt.Fprint(stderr, err)
+		suggestHelp(stderr, cmd, fullCmd)
+		exit(1)
+		return
+	}
+
+	output, err := apply(cmd, e, cl)
+	if err != nil {
+		fmt.Fprint(stderr, err)
+		exit(1)
+		return
+	}
+
+	if err := printOutput(stdout, output); err != nil {
+		fmt.Fprint(stderr, err)
+		exit(1)
+		return
+	}
+}
diff --git a/exec_test.go b/exec_test.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3e0d25a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/exec_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+package wand
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"fmt"
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+)
+
+func testExec(impl any, env, commandLine, err string, expect ...string) func(*testing.T) {
+	return func(t *testing.T) {
+		var exitCode int
+		exit := func(code int) { exitCode = code }
+		stdout := bytes.NewBuffer(nil)
+		stderr := bytes.NewBuffer(nil)
+		cmd := wrap(impl)
+		e := strings.Split(env, ";")
+		a := strings.Split(commandLine, " ")
+		exec(stdout, stderr, exit, cmd, e, a)
+		if exitCode != 0 && err == "" {
+			t.Fatal("non-zero exit code:", stderr.String())
+		}
+
+		if err != "" && exitCode == 0 {
+			t.Fatal("failed to fail")
+		}
+
+		if err != "" && !strings.Contains(stderr.String(), err) {
+			t.Fatal("expected error not received:", stderr.String())
+		}
+
+		if exitCode != 0 {
+			return
+		}
+
+		var expstr []string
+		for _, e := range expect {
+			expstr = append(expstr, fmt.Sprint(e))
+		}
+
+		if stdout.String() != strings.Join(expstr, "\n")+"\n" {
+			t.Fatal("unexpected output:", stdout.String())
+		}
+	}
+}
diff --git a/go.mod b/go.mod
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cb0ff3b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/go.mod
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+module code.squareroundforest.org/arpio/wand
+
+go 1.24.2
+
+require (
+	code.squareroundforest.org/arpio/notation v0.0.0-20241225183158-af3bd591a174 // indirect
+	github.com/iancoleman/strcase v0.3.0 // indirect
+)
diff --git a/go.sum b/go.sum
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..38e8be7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/go.sum
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+code.squareroundforest.org/arpio/notation v0.0.0-20241225183158-af3bd591a174 h1:DKMSagVY3uyRhJ4ohiwQzNnR6CWdVKLkg97A8eQGxQU=
+code.squareroundforest.org/arpio/notation v0.0.0-20241225183158-af3bd591a174/go.mod h1:ait4Fvg9o0+bq5hlxi9dAcPL5a+/sr33qsZPNpToMLY=
+github.com/iancoleman/strcase v0.3.0 h1:nTXanmYxhfFAMjZL34Ov6gkzEsSJZ5DbhxWjvSASxEI=
+github.com/iancoleman/strcase v0.3.0/go.mod h1:iwCmte+B7n89clKwxIoIXy/HfoL7AsD47ZCWhYzw7ho=
diff --git a/help.go b/help.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6954663
--- /dev/null
+++ b/help.go
@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+package wand
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+	"strings"
+)
+
+type (
+	synopsis       struct{}
+	docOptions     struct{}
+	docArguments   struct{}
+	docSubcommands struct{}
+)
+
+type doc struct {
+	name        string
+	synopsis    synopsis
+	description string
+	options     docOptions
+	arguments   docArguments
+	subcommands docSubcommands
+}
+
+func help() Cmd {
+	return Cmd{
+		name:   "help",
+		isHelp: true,
+	}
+}
+
+func insertHelp(cmd Cmd) Cmd {
+	var hasHelpCmd bool
+	for i, sc := range cmd.subcommands {
+		cmd.subcommands[i] = insertHelp(sc)
+		if cmd.name == "help" {
+			hasHelpCmd = true
+		}
+	}
+
+	if !hasHelpCmd {
+		cmd.subcommands = append(cmd.subcommands, help())
+	}
+
+	return cmd
+}
+
+func hasHelpSubcommand(cmd Cmd) bool {
+	for _, sc := range cmd.subcommands {
+		if sc.isHelp {
+			return true
+		}
+	}
+
+	return false
+}
+
+func hasCustomHelpOption(cmd Cmd) bool {
+	mf := mapFields(cmd.impl)
+	_, has := mf["help"]
+	return has
+}
+
+func suggestHelp(out io.Writer, cmd Cmd, fullCommand []string) {
+	if hasHelpSubcommand(cmd) {
+		fmt.Fprintf(out, "Show help:\n%s help\n", strings.Join(fullCommand, " "))
+		return
+	}
+
+	if !hasCustomHelpOption(cmd) {
+		fmt.Fprintf(out, "Show help:\n%s --help\n", strings.Join(fullCommand, " "))
+		return
+	}
+}
+
+func constructDoc(cmd Cmd, fullCommand []string) doc {
+	return doc{}
+}
+
+func showHelp(out io.Writer, cmd Cmd, fullCommand []string) {
+}
diff --git a/input.go b/input.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..47071e9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/input.go
@@ -0,0 +1,166 @@
+package wand
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"reflect"
+	"slices"
+)
+
+func validateEnv(cmd Cmd, e env) error {
+	mf := mapFields(cmd.impl)
+	for name, values := range e.values {
+		f, ok := mf[name]
+		if !ok {
+			continue
+		}
+
+		for _, fi := range f {
+			if len(values) > 1 && !fi.acceptsMultiple {
+				return fmt.Errorf(
+					"expected only one value, received %d, as environment value, %s",
+					len(values),
+					e.originalNames[name],
+				)
+			}
+
+			for _, v := range values {
+				if !canScan(fi.typ, v) {
+					return fmt.Errorf(
+						"environment variable cannot be applied, type mismatch: %s",
+						e.originalNames[name],
+					)
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+func validateOptions(cmd Cmd, o []option) error {
+	ml := make(map[string]string)
+	ms := make(map[string]string)
+	for i := 0; i < len(cmd.shortForms); i += 2 {
+		l, s := cmd.shortForms[i], cmd.shortForms[i+1]
+		ml[l] = s
+		ms[s] = l
+	}
+
+	mo := make(map[string][]option)
+	for _, oi := range o {
+		n := oi.name
+		if ln, ok := ms[n]; ok && oi.shortForm {
+			n = ln
+		}
+
+		mo[n] = append(mo[n], oi)
+	}
+
+	mf := mapFields(cmd.impl)
+	for n, os := range mo {
+		f := mf[n]
+		for _, fi := range f {
+			en := "--" + n
+			if sn, ok := ml[n]; ok {
+				en += ", -" + sn
+			}
+
+			if len(os) > 1 && !fi.acceptsMultiple {
+				return fmt.Errorf(
+					"expected only one value, received %d, as option, %s",
+					len(os),
+					en,
+				)
+			}
+
+			for _, oi := range os {
+				if oi.value.isBool && fi.typ.Kind() != reflect.Bool {
+					return fmt.Errorf(
+						"received boolean value for field that does not accept it: %s",
+						en,
+					)
+				}
+
+				if !oi.value.isBool && !canScan(fi.typ, oi.value.str) {
+					return fmt.Errorf(
+						"option cannot be applied, type mismatch: %s",
+						en,
+					)
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+func validatePositionalArgs(cmd Cmd, a []string) error {
+	v := reflect.ValueOf(cmd.impl)
+	v = unpack(v)
+	t := v.Type()
+	p := positionalParameters(t)
+	ior, iow := ioParameters(p)
+	last := t.NumIn()-1
+	lastVariadic := t.IsVariadic() &&
+		!isStruct(t.In(last)) &&
+		!slices.Contains(ior, last) &&
+		!slices.Contains(iow, last)
+	length := len(p) - len(ior) - len(iow)
+	min := length
+	max := length
+	if lastVariadic {
+		min--
+		max = -1
+	}
+
+	if cmd.minPositional > min {
+		min = cmd.minPositional
+	}
+
+	if cmd.maxPositional > 0 {
+		max = cmd.maxPositional
+	}
+
+	if len(a) < min {
+		return fmt.Errorf("not enough positional arguments, expected minimum %d", min)
+	}
+
+	if max >= 0 && len(a) > max {
+		return fmt.Errorf("too many positional arguments, expected maximum %d", max)
+	}
+
+	for i, ai := range a {
+		var pi reflect.Type
+		if i >= length {
+			pi = p[length-1]
+		} else {
+			pi = p[i]
+		}
+
+		if !canScan(pi, ai) {
+			return fmt.Errorf(
+				"cannot apply positional argument at index %d, expecting %v",
+				i,
+				pi,
+			)
+		}
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+func validateInput(cmd Cmd, e env, cl commandLine) error {
+	if err := validateEnv(cmd, e); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	if err := validateOptions(cmd, cl.options); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	if err := validatePositionalArgs(cmd, cl.positional); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
diff --git a/notes.txt b/notes.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3f22f14
--- /dev/null
+++ b/notes.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+io.Writer arg: pass in os.Stdout
+io.Reader arg: pass in os.Stdin
+test: method docs
+during validation, reject circular type references
diff --git a/output.go b/output.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5ee8825
--- /dev/null
+++ b/output.go
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+package wand
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+)
+
+func printOutput(w io.Writer, o []any) error {
+	for _, oi := range o {
+		r, ok := oi.(io.Reader)
+		if ok {
+			if _, err := io.Copy(w, r); err != nil {
+				return fmt.Errorf("error copying output: %w", err)
+			}
+
+			continue
+		}
+
+		if _, err := fmt.Fprintf(w, "%v\n", oi); err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("error printing output: %w", err)
+		}
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
diff --git a/reflect.go b/reflect.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..97adb71
--- /dev/null
+++ b/reflect.go
@@ -0,0 +1,298 @@
+package wand
+
+import (
+	"github.com/iancoleman/strcase"
+	"reflect"
+	"strconv"
+	"io"
+)
+
+type packedKind[T any] interface {
+	Kind() reflect.Kind
+	Elem() T
+}
+
+type field struct {
+	name            string
+	typ             reflect.Type
+	acceptsMultiple bool
+}
+
+var (
+	readerType = reflect.TypeFor[io.Reader]()
+	writerType = reflect.TypeFor[io.Writer]()
+)
+
+func pack(v reflect.Value, t reflect.Type) reflect.Value {
+	if v.Type() == t {
+		return v
+	}
+
+	if t.Kind() == reflect.Pointer {
+		pv := pack(v, t.Elem())
+		p := reflect.New(t.Elem())
+		p.Elem().Set(pv)
+		return p
+	}
+
+	iv := pack(v, t.Elem())
+	s := reflect.MakeSlice(t, 1, 1)
+	s.Index(0).Set(iv)
+	return s
+}
+
+func unpack[T packedKind[T]](p T) T {
+	switch p.Kind() {
+	case reflect.Pointer,
+		reflect.Slice:
+		return unpack(p.Elem())
+	default:
+		return p
+	}
+}
+
+func isReader(t reflect.Type) bool {
+	return unpack(t) == readerType
+}
+
+func isWriter(t reflect.Type) bool {
+	return unpack(t) == writerType
+}
+
+func isStruct(t reflect.Type) bool {
+	t = unpack(t)
+	return t.Kind() == reflect.Struct
+}
+
+func canScan(t reflect.Type, s string) bool {
+	switch t.Kind() {
+	case reflect.Bool:
+		_, err := strconv.ParseBool(s)
+		return err == nil
+	case reflect.Int, reflect.Int8, reflect.Int16, reflect.Int32, reflect.Int64:
+		_, err := strconv.ParseInt(s, 10, int(t.Size())*8)
+		return err == nil
+	case reflect.Uint, reflect.Uint8, reflect.Uint16, reflect.Uint32, reflect.Uint64:
+		_, err := strconv.ParseUint(s, 10, int(t.Size())*8)
+		return err == nil
+	case reflect.Float32, reflect.Float64:
+		_, err := strconv.ParseFloat(s, int(t.Size())*8)
+		return err == nil
+	case reflect.String:
+		return true
+	default:
+		return false
+	}
+}
+
+func scan(t reflect.Type, s string) any {
+	p := reflect.New(t)
+	switch t.Kind() {
+	case reflect.Bool:
+		v, _ := strconv.ParseBool(s)
+		p.Elem().Set(reflect.ValueOf(v).Convert(t))
+	case reflect.Int, reflect.Int8, reflect.Int16, reflect.Int32, reflect.Int64:
+		v, _ := strconv.ParseInt(s, 10, int(t.Size())*8)
+		p.Elem().Set(reflect.ValueOf(v).Convert(t))
+	case reflect.Uint, reflect.Uint8, reflect.Uint16, reflect.Uint32, reflect.Uint64:
+		v, _ := strconv.ParseUint(s, 10, int(t.Size())*8)
+		p.Elem().Set(reflect.ValueOf(v).Convert(t))
+	case reflect.Float32, reflect.Float64:
+		v, _ := strconv.ParseFloat(s, int(t.Size())*8)
+		p.Elem().Set(reflect.ValueOf(v).Convert(t))
+	default:
+		p.Elem().Set(reflect.ValueOf(s).Convert(t))
+	}
+
+	return p.Elem().Interface()
+}
+
+func fields(s ...reflect.Type) []field {
+	if len(s) == 0 {
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	var (
+		anonFields  []field
+		plainFields []field
+	)
+
+	for i := 0; i < s[0].NumField(); i++ {
+		sf := s[0].Field(i)
+		sft := sf.Type
+		am := acceptsMultiple(sft)
+		sft = unpack(sft)
+		sfn := sf.Name
+		sfn = strcase.ToKebab(sfn)
+		switch sft.Kind() {
+		case reflect.Bool,
+			reflect.Int,
+			reflect.Int8,
+			reflect.Int16,
+			reflect.Int32,
+			reflect.Int64,
+			reflect.Uint,
+			reflect.Uint8,
+			reflect.Uint16,
+			reflect.Uint32,
+			reflect.Uint64,
+			reflect.Float32,
+			reflect.Float64,
+			reflect.String:
+			plainFields = append(plainFields, field{name: sfn, typ: sft, acceptsMultiple: am})
+		case reflect.Interface:
+			if sft.NumMethod() == 0 {
+				plainFields = append(plainFields, field{name: sfn, typ: sft, acceptsMultiple: am})
+			}
+		case reflect.Struct:
+			sff := fields(sft)
+			if sf.Anonymous {
+				anonFields = append(anonFields, sff...)
+			} else {
+				for i := range sff {
+					sff[i].name = sfn + "-" + sff[i].name
+					sff[i].acceptsMultiple = sff[i].acceptsMultiple || am
+				}
+
+				plainFields = append(plainFields, sff...)
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	mf := make(map[string]field)
+	for _, fi := range anonFields {
+		mf[fi.name] = fi
+	}
+
+	for _, fi := range plainFields {
+		mf[fi.name] = fi
+	}
+
+	var f []field
+	for _, fi := range mf {
+		f = append(f, fi)
+	}
+
+	return append(f, fields(s[1:]...)...)
+}
+
+func boolFields(f []field) []field {
+	var b []field
+	for _, fi := range f {
+		if fi.typ.Kind() == reflect.Bool {
+			b = append(b, fi)
+		}
+	}
+
+	return b
+}
+
+func mapFields(impl any) map[string][]field {
+	v := reflect.ValueOf(impl)
+	t := v.Type()
+	t = unpack(t)
+	s := structParameters(t)
+	f := fields(s...)
+	mf := make(map[string][]field)
+	for _, fi := range f {
+		mf[fi.name] = append(mf[fi.name], fi)
+	}
+
+	return mf
+}
+
+func filterParameters(t reflect.Type, f func(reflect.Type) bool) []reflect.Type {
+	var s []reflect.Type
+	for i := 0; i < t.NumIn(); i++ {
+		p := t.In(i)
+		p = unpack(p)
+		if f(p) {
+			s = append(s, p)
+		}
+	}
+
+	return s
+}
+
+func positionalParameters(t reflect.Type) []reflect.Type {
+	return filterParameters(t, func(p reflect.Type) bool {
+		return p.Kind() != reflect.Struct
+	})
+}
+
+func ioParameters(p []reflect.Type) ([]int, []int) {
+	var (
+		reader []int
+		writer []int
+	)
+
+	for i, pi := range p {
+		switch {
+		case isReader(pi):
+			reader = append(reader, i)
+		case isWriter(pi):
+			writer = append(writer, i)
+		}
+	}
+
+	return reader, writer
+}
+
+func structParameters(t reflect.Type) []reflect.Type {
+	return filterParameters(t, func(p reflect.Type) bool {
+		return p.Kind() == reflect.Struct
+	})
+}
+
+func compatibleTypes(t ...reflect.Type) bool {
+	if len(t) < 2 {
+		return true
+	}
+
+	t0 := t[0]
+	t1 := t[1]
+	switch t0.Kind() {
+	case reflect.Bool:
+		return t1.Kind() == reflect.Bool
+	case reflect.Int, reflect.Int8, reflect.Int16, reflect.Int32, reflect.Int64:
+		switch t1.Kind() {
+		case reflect.Int, reflect.Int8, reflect.Int16, reflect.Int32, reflect.Int64:
+			return true
+		default:
+			return false
+		}
+	case reflect.Uint, reflect.Uint8, reflect.Uint16, reflect.Uint32, reflect.Uint64:
+		switch t1.Kind() {
+		case reflect.Uint, reflect.Uint8, reflect.Uint16, reflect.Uint32, reflect.Uint64:
+			return true
+		default:
+			return false
+		}
+	case reflect.Float32, reflect.Float64:
+		switch t1.Kind() {
+		case reflect.Float32, reflect.Float64:
+			return true
+		default:
+			return false
+		}
+	case reflect.String:
+		return t1.Kind() == reflect.String
+	case reflect.Interface:
+		return t1.Kind() == reflect.Interface && t0.NumMethod() == 0 && t1.NumMethod() == 0
+	default:
+		return false
+	}
+}
+
+func acceptsMultiple(t reflect.Type) bool {
+	if t.Kind() == reflect.Slice {
+		return true
+	}
+
+	switch t.Kind() {
+	case reflect.Pointer, reflect.Slice:
+		return acceptsMultiple(t.Elem())
+	default:
+		return false
+	}
+}
diff --git a/wand.go b/wand.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1188b86
--- /dev/null
+++ b/wand.go
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+package wand
+
+import "os"
+
+type Cmd struct {
+	name          string
+	impl          any
+	subcommands   []Cmd
+	isDefault     bool
+	minPositional int
+	maxPositional int
+	shortForms    []string
+	description   string
+	isHelp        bool
+	helpRequested bool
+}
+
+func Command(name string, impl any, subcmds ...Cmd) Cmd {
+	return command(name, impl, subcmds...)
+}
+
+func Default(cmd Cmd) Cmd {
+	cmd.isDefault = true
+	return cmd
+}
+
+// io doesn't count
+func Args(cmd Cmd, min, max int) Cmd {
+	cmd.minPositional = min
+	cmd.maxPositional = max
+	return cmd
+}
+
+func ShortForm(cmd Cmd, f ...string) Cmd {
+	cmd.shortForms = f
+	return cmd
+}
+
+func Exec(impl any) {
+	cmd := wrap(impl)
+	exec(os.Stdout, os.Stderr, os.Exit, cmd, os.Environ(), os.Args)
+}
diff --git a/wand_test.go b/wand_test.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4ef36cf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/wand_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+package wand